可穿戴传感器评估神经肌肉潜伏期：揭示女性足球运动员的力量-时机权衡
简介
本研究对21名女性青少年足球运动员进行等速肌力测试与可穿戴无线sEMG同步评估，发现腘绳肌/股四头肌扭矩比与神经肌肉延迟呈正相关（60°/s时r=0.792），即机械肌力比值越好者，神经反射反应反而越延迟。该"力量-时机"悖论提示静态等速肌力评估无法反映运动感觉控制的时间动态缺陷，将可穿戴sEMG纳入ACL损伤风险筛查有助于弥补这一盲区，但样本量小且为横断面…
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: The high incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female soccer players persists despite widespread preventive interventions. Traditional screening relies heavily on isokinetic torque ratios to assess mechanical joint stability; however, this approach often fails to capture the temporal dynamics of sensorimotor control. Wearable wireless electromyography (sEMG) provides a viable modality to assess these neuromuscular latency deficits. METHODS: Twenty-one female soccer players (age: 17.60 ± 0.87 years) underwent reciprocal concentric isokinetic testing at 60°/s, 180°/s, and 240°/s. The hamstring-quadriceps torque ratio was measured via an isokinetic dynamometer and normalized to body weight. Simultaneously, neuromuscular latency was acquired using a wearable wireless sEMG system (BTS FreeEMG) on the vastus lateralis and semitendinosus. Neuromuscular latency was quantified using a computerized threshold algorithm to determine the agonist-antagonist asynchrony. RESULTS: A significant main effect of angular velocity was observed on neuromuscular latency (p < 0.05), which decreased with increasing velocity, reflecting feed-forward adaptation. A positive correlation emerged between the mechanical H/Q torque ratio and neuromuscular latency, most notably at 60°/s (r = 0.792) and 240°/s (r = 0.681). This indicates a paradoxical latency-strength mismatch, in which players with more favourable H/Q torque ratios exhibit significantly delayed neuromuscular reflexive responses. CONCLUSIONS: Static mechanical symmetry does not guarantee dynamic temporal efficiency. The identified latency-strength mismatch suggests that standard dynamometry may mask critical sensorimotor deficits. The integration of wearable wireless sEMG technology into injury risk screening is essential to capture these temporal asymmetries and ensure that mechanical capacity is matched by rapid neural drive.