半月板根部撕裂：流行病学、诊断、治疗与预后
简介
该综述总结半月板根部撕裂的流行病学、诊断、治疗与结局：其破坏膝关节负荷分布，加速软骨退变和膝骨关节炎；诊断靠临床怀疑结合MRI，关节镜为金标准。治疗应个体化，合适患者根部修复长期结局优于部分半月板切除术和非手术治疗；根部修复后康复无统一方案，多数早期限制负重并限制负重屈膝（如深蹲）至4～5个月。
英文摘要
➢ Meniscal root tears compromise load distribution within the knee, accelerating cartilage degeneration and leading to knee osteoarthritis.➢ Diagnosis relies on clinical suspicion supported by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with arthroscopy serving as the gold standard for confirmation.➢ Management decisions should be tailored to patient-specific factors, including age, activity level, tear characteristics, and the severity of degenerative chondral wear evident on preoperative imaging, including weight-bearing radiographs and MRI.➢ Root repair is associated with better long-term outcomes compared with partial meniscectomy and nonoperative management in appropriately selected patients.➢ There is currently no universally accepted postoperative rehabilitation protocol following meniscal root repair; however, most strategies limit weight-bearing in the early postoperative period and restrict loaded flexion, such as deep squatting, for up to 4 to 5 months. Further research is needed to guide standardized recovery pathways.