前交叉韧带初次修复联合缝线带增强：适应证、失败预测因素、临床结果与证据空白
简介
本叙述性综述总结ACL初次修复联合缝线带增强的适应证、失败预测因素及临床结局。急性Sherman I型和部分II型近端撕裂、残端可复位且质量好、滑膜覆盖保留者最适合；缝线带可提高即刻稳定性，但年轻高需求运动员、军人、延迟就诊及撕裂条件差者失败率较高。该术式属选择性保残策略，非重建的通用替代，尚需标准化大样本比较研究。
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: Primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair has re-emerged as a tissue-preserving option for selected proximal tears. Suture tape augmentation may protect the repaired ligament during early healing, but its clinical role remains uncertain because outcomes vary across patient groups and surgical techniques. METHODS: A narrative review of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and reference lists was conducted to identify relevant clinical, imaging, arthroscopic, and biomechanical studies published mainly from 2015 to May 2026. RESULTS: The strongest indications for repair are acute Sherman type I and selected type II proximal tears with an adequate, reducible remnant, good tissue quality, and preserved synovial coverage. Biomechanical evidence supports improved time-zero stability with suture tape augmentation. Clinical studies report satisfactory short- to midterm outcomes in selected adults, whereas younger patients, high-demand athletes, military populations, delayed presentations, and less favorable tear characteristics have higher failure rates. Bridge-enhanced ACL restoration represents a distinct scaffold-assisted preservation strategy and was considered separately. CONCLUSIONS: Primary ACL repair with suture tape augmentation is a selective preservation strategy rather than a general substitute for reconstruction. Larger comparative studies using standardized indications, techniques, rehabilitation protocols, and failure definitions are needed to establish its long-term role.