10-50+岁运动员等速股四头肌与腘绳肌峰力矩：ACL重建术前未受累肢体参考值
简介
该研究回顾了321名计划行ACL重建运动员术前健侧肢体的等速肌力数据（60°/s，10-50+岁），发现股四头肌和腘绳肌峰力矩按体重归一化后随年龄呈线性下降（股四头肌每年下降0.016 Nm/kg），年龄可解释约25%的变异，而H:Q比值在各年龄段和性别间保持稳定。提示临床在ACL重建术后康复中应根据患者年龄制定个体化的肌力恢复目标。
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: Current recommendations for quadriceps and hamstring peak torque normalized to body mass after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are derived from athletes in the second and third decades of life. There is a paucity of literature exploring the relationship between sex, age, and peak torque normalized to body mass. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between age and isokinetic quadriceps and hamstring peak torque normalized to body mass, as well as the hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio (H:Q ratio), and to evaluate differences between sexes, using the uninvolved limb from pre-ACLR testing. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. METHODS: Three hundred twenty-one athletes were identified in the UW Health Sports Rehabilitation Database that had a planned anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and had undergone pre-operative isokinetic testing of their quadriceps and hamstrings at 60°/sec on their uninvolved limb between July 2021 and January 2026. For reporting purposes, athletes were grouped into the following age groups: 10-14, 15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, and 50+. Linear regression models were used to examine the relationships between age (continuous), sex (binary), and their interaction on quadriceps peak torque normalized to body mass (Nm/kg), hamstring peak torque normalized to body mass (Nm/kg), and the H:Q ratio. RESULTS: There is a linear decrease in quadriceps (β = -0.016 Nm/kg per year, p < 0.001) and hamstring (β = -0.009 Nm/kg per year, p < 0.001) peak torque normalized to body mass with age. Males have higher mean quadriceps and hamstring peak torque normalized to body mass at all ages compared to females, although this difference was not statistically significant. Age explained 25% and 24% of the variance in normalized peak torque for the quadriceps and hamstrings, respectively. H:Q ratios stayed relatively the same with age and sex. CONCLUSION: As athletes age, their quadriceps and hamstrings peak torque normalized to body mass decreases. Clinicians should acknowledge these differences when making recommendations throughout anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction rehabilitation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 3.