基线认知表现对高水平男子足球运动员非预期侧切时ACL损伤相关膝关节生物力学的调节作用
简介
该研究纳入30名高水平男子足球运动员，先进行Go/No-Go任务评估抑制控制能力，再在预期与非预期条件下完成90°侧切动作，同步采集膝关节生物力学数据。结果显示，非预期侧切显著增大膝屈曲角、膝外展角及膝外展力矩；基线反应时间越长或犯错率越高者，膝外展力矩和前胫骨剪切力增幅越大，提示认知功能可调节ACL相关损伤风险，或可为神经认知训练与损伤预防提供参考。
英文摘要
OBJECTIVE: To compare anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury-related knee biomechanics between anticipated and unanticipated sidestep cutting and to investigate whether baseline cognitive performance moderated these biomechanical responses in highly trained male soccer players. METHODS: Thirty highly trained male soccer players completed a computerized Go/No-Go task to assess inhibitory control, including reaction time (RT), commission error rate (CER; responses incorrectly made during No-Go trials), and omission error rate (OER; failures to respond during Go trials). Participants subsequently performed anticipated and unanticipated 90° sidestep cutting tasks while three-dimensional motion capture and force plate data were simultaneously collected. Peak knee flexion angle, peak knee abduction angle, peak knee abduction moment, peak anterior tibial shear force (ATSF), peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), and loading rate were analyzed. Paired comparisons were first performed to examine overall biomechanical differences between the anticipated and unanticipated conditions. Linear mixed-effects models were then used to investigate whether cognitive performance moderated the biomechanical responses to task anticipation. RESULTS: Compared with the anticipated condition, unanticipated sidestep cutting resulted in greater peak knee flexion angle (d = 0.389, 95% CI, 0.118-0.660, p = 0.006), peak knee abduction angle (d = 0.339, 95% CI, 0.189-0.489, p < 0.001), and peak knee abduction moment (d = 1.481, 95% CI, 0.857-2.104, p < 0.001). Significant anticipation × RT interactions were observed for peak knee abduction angle (β std = 0.156, 95% CI, 0.039-0.274, p = 0.031), peak knee abduction moment (β std = 0.380, 95% CI, 0.168-0.592, p < 0.001), and peak ATSF (β std = 0.517, 95% CI, 0.350-0.684, p < 0.001). Significant anticipation × CER and anticipation × OER interactions were observed for peak knee abduction moment (β std = 0.504, 95% CI, 0.299-0.710, p < 0.001) and peak vGRF (β std = 0.463, 95% CI, 0.245-0.682, p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: Unanticipated sidestep cutting altered multiple ACL injury-related biomechanical variables in highly trained male soccer players. More importantly, athletes' baseline cognitive performance moderated several ACL injury-related biomechanical responses.