骨科术后血流限制训练：当前趋势与功能结局评估的范围综述
简介
一项范围综述汇总了30项研究（831例患者），发现血流限制训练研究最多见于ACL重建（18项）和膝关节镜（5项）术后，另有涉及胫骨高位截骨术、全膝关节置换术等术式的个案，多数在术后2周内启动。常用评估指标包括肌力/力矩/耐力、疼痛、肢体围度及IKDC评分。现有研究在手术类型、训练方案和结局指标上异质性较大，提示该技术在骨科术后的最佳应用方案仍有待统一。
英文摘要
OBJECTIVE: To summarize current protocols and outcome measures used in blood flow restriction training (BFRT) after orthopedic procedures. DESIGN: Scoping review. LITERATURE SEARCH: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched from inception to July 2024. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: We included studies of BFRT used after orthopedic procedures and that reported function-based and patient-reported outcome measures. DATA SYNTHESIS: Qualitative synthesis was performed to identify current BFRT protocols used following orthopedic procedures, and the function-based and patient-reported outcomes reported. Studies were categorized by procedure type; outcomes were presented according to the frequency of reporting. RESULTS: Thirty studies (831 patients) were included. The use of BFRT was most frequently studied after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (18 studies) and knee arthroscopy (5 studies). There were 2 studies of BFRT after distal radius open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), and single studies of BFRT after ankle ORIF, high tibial osteotomy, total knee arthroplasty, shoulder stabilization, and distal biceps repair. BFRT was initiated within 2 weeks postoperatively in 16 studies. The most common measures were muscle strength, torque, or endurance (25 studies); pain (12 studies); muscle size or limb circumference (10 studies); and the International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee function score (8 studies). CONCLUSION: There was heterogeneity in procedures, protocols, and outcome measures across existing BFRT studies. JOSPT Open 2026;4(2):155-165. Epub 19 February 2026. doi:10.2519/ josptopen.2026.0176.