前交叉韧带重建术后加速康复方案的定义：一项范围综述
简介
该研究通过系统综述64篇文献，明确了ACL重建术后加速康复方案的核心特征：早期恢复膝关节伸直、早期完全负重、快速步态正常化及避免长时间制动。加速康复更强调无支具、基于标准的功能导向性个体化进程，而非单纯缩短时间线。该定义有助于规范康复方案报告，促进临床实践转化。
英文摘要
Background and Objectives: Accelerated rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is widely implemented, yet its definition and distinguishing characteristics remain inconsistently described in the literature. This scoping review examined how accelerated rehabilitation after ACLR is defined, described common protocol features, and identified elements distinguishing it from conventional rehabilitation. Materials and Methods: A scoping review was conducted using systematic searches of Medline (PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science from 1 April 1967 to 26 October 2025. Studies including patients aged 16 years or older who underwent primary ACLR that reported any form of accelerated rehabilitation or early progression relative to conventional protocols were eligible for inclusion. Results: Of 6002 screened records, 64 studies met the inclusion criteria. Accelerated rehabilitation was consistently characterized by early restoration of knee range of motion, early full weight-bearing, rapid gait normalization, early initiation of closed and open kinetic chain exercises, and avoidance of prolonged immobilization. However, definitions varied substantially across studies. Substantial heterogeneity was observed in progression timelines, bracing and crutch use, and return-to-sport criteria. Conclusions: Accelerated rehabilitation after ACLR appears to represent a brace-free, criterion-based, function-oriented approach emphasizing early restoration of knee extension, progressive loading, and individualized progression rather than simply shortened timelines. Establishing consensus definitions and standardized reporting is necessary to improve comparability across studies and facilitate translation into clinical practice.