ACL重建术后康复中的离心骑行训练：一项大师级课程
简介
这篇教学文章系统介绍了离心训练在ACL重建术后康复中的应用，重点阐述了从术后约3周开始渐进性离心运动的潜在益处（改善股四头肌萎缩与力量不足）及实施原则。文章提出离心卧式自行车可作为实用工具，通过监测功率输出和RPE调节强度，并给出了示例性训练方案，为临床医生提供了可操作的早期康复指导。
英文摘要
Eccentric training is a well-established method for developing strength and its implementation has become increasingly common in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) rehabilitation. Although traditionally introduced in later stages of recovery, early progressive eccentric exercise has been investigated from approximately three weeks post-operation in selected patients, with evidence suggesting potential benefits for quadriceps atrophy and strength deficits. Beyond improving strength, eccentric training may also enhance performance in return-to-sport (RTS) assessments. However, its implementation should be gradual and individualized, with consideration of clinical status and loading tolerance, particularly during the early phases of rehabilitation. Eccentric recumbent cycling offers a practical solution, allowing clinicians to monitor power outputs and regulate intensity through rate of perceived exertion (RPE) scales. This article explores the benefits of integrating eccentric cycling into ACL-R rehabilitation and outlines an exemplar eccentric cycling program.