性别对意外变向时膝关节生物力学的影响及其与感觉运动功能的相关性
简介
该研究纳入16名男性和16名女性运动员，通过非预期变向动作分析膝关节生物力学及感觉运动功能的性别差异。结果显示，女性运动员在初始着地时膝外翻角更大、屈膝角度和力矩更小，且股四头肌力觉误差与膝外翻角相关。这些生物力学特征提示女性运动员存在更高的前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤风险，而股四头肌力量不足和力觉误差可能是潜在影响因素。
英文摘要
This study aims to investigate sex differences in knee biomechanics during unexpected cutting and their correlation with sensorimotor function. Sixteen male and 16 female athletes were recruited. Participants were asked to complete six unexpected cutting tasks on their dominant side. Peak muscle force, position sense, and force sense of the dominant knee were measured using a CON-TREX isokinetic dynamometer. Results suggested that female athletes demonstrated a higher knee valgus angle at initial contact (p = 0.004) and peak knee valgus angle (p = 0.027) than males. Females also had a lower peak knee flexion angle (p = 0.001) and knee flexion moment (p = 0.002) than males. Quadriceps force sense errors were correlated with peak knee valgus angle in female (r = 0.558, p = 0.025) and male (r = 0.550, p = 0.027) athletes. In addition, in female athletes, higher quadriceps strength was related to a greater peak knee flexion angle (r = 0.525, p = 0.037). In summary, female athletes exhibit knee biomechanical characteristics associated with a higher risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury compared with male athletes. Insufficient quadriceps strength and larger force sense error are associated with the knee biomechanical characteristics.