前交叉韧带损伤后运动相关皮层控制的差异性变化：一项范围综述
简介
一项范围综述纳入25项研究、416例前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤患者，发现与健康对照相比，患者在执行运动任务时额叶和视觉处理区脑活动增强，而运动皮层和顶叶皮层结果不一致；尽管部分研究提示运动表现受损，但皮层改变与运动功能之间的因果关系仍属假设。该发现提示ACL损伤后存在独特的神经适应模式，未来需结合视觉与认知双重任务范式进一步探索。
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: Distinct brain activity in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) patients has been reported, yet comprehensive evidence on neural differences during movement and the potential impact on motor performance remains limited. OBJECTIVES: This review aimed to synthesize evidence on cortical activity during motor tasks in ACL patients compared to healthy controls and explored the potential impact on motor performance. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidance for scoping reviews and reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews. Eligible literature was searched in PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science from inception to December 31, 2025, and included primary research assessing brain activity during voluntary motor tasks in ACL patients compared to controls. RESULTS: Out of 233 identified records, 25 were included, with 15 utilizing electroencephalography, 8 functional magnetic resonance imaging, and 2 functional near-infrared spectroscopy assessing a total of 416 ACL patients on study level. 21 studies reported significant between-group differences in brain activity, demonstrating increased activity in frontal and visual processing regions but inconsistent findings for motor and parietal cortices. Additionally, 14 records described behavioral data alongside neuroimaging results, of which 10 found no significant differences and 4 reported impaired motor performance. CONCLUSION: Distinct patterns of brain activity were demonstrated in ACL patients compared to healthy controls, predominantly depicting increased recruitment of neural resources within the cognitive and visual network. Despite some evidence reporting associated impaired motor performance, the relationship between cortical alterations and motor performance remains hypothetical. Future research should incorporate paradigms including visual and cognitive dual-tasks to explore the relationship between brain activity and behavioral outcomes.