认知与运动双任务条件对前交叉韧带重建术后患者反应时间、本体感觉及本体感觉力觉的影响：一项初步研究
简介
一项前瞻性观察性研究纳入21例ACLR术后8周患者（腘绳肌腱自体移植物），分别在单任务、认知双任务和运动双任务条件下测试反应时、关节位置觉和本体感觉力觉。结果发现，双任务（尤其运动双任务）显著延长反应时并增加力觉误差（效应量中等至大），但被动关节位置觉不受影响。提示ACLR术后早期康复评估应纳入双任务条件，以更全面反映感觉运动功能。
英文摘要
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Sensorimotor impairments are common following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR); however, the effects of cognitive and motor dual-task conditions on reaction time, joint position sense, and proprioceptive force sense in the early postoperative period remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of single-task, cognitive dual-task, and motor dual-task conditions on these sensorimotor parameters at the eighth postoperative week following ACLR. METHODS: This prospective observational pilot study was conducted in individuals following ACLR. Twenty-one participants who underwent unilateral ACLR using a hamstring autograft were included. After completion of an 8-week home-based rehabilitation program, assessments were performed under single-task, cognitive dual-task, and motor dual-task conditions. Reaction time was evaluated using a light-based response system, joint position sense was assessed with a passive joint repositioning task, and proprioceptive force sense was measured using a pressure biofeedback unit. Differences between task conditions were analyzed using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance, with effect sizes reported as partial eta squared (ηp 2). RESULTS: Significant differences were observed among task conditions for reaction time outcomes (p < 0.001), with the best performance under single-task conditions and the poorest performance under motor dual-task conditions (ηp 2 = 0.69-0.71). Proprioceptive force sense also differed significantly between conditions (p = 0.008, ηp 2 = 0.21), with higher error values observed during the motor dual-task condition. No significant differences were found between task conditions for joint position sense (p > 0.05). DISCUSSION: In the early period following ACLR, increasing task demands negatively affect reaction time and proprioceptive force sense, whereas passive joint position sense appears relatively resistant to short-term dual-task interference. These findings suggest the relevance of incorporating dual-task considerations into sensorimotor assessment and rehabilitation following ACLR. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06755398.