假切动作：运动表现与ACL损伤风险的生物力学决定因素
简介
本研究纳入96名手球运动员，通过三维运动捕捉比较了高水平与低水平假切变向者的生物力学特征。结果发现，高水平者触地时间更短、移动速度更快、切向角更浅且切向宽度更大，并表现出更明显的上身假动作，但其膝关节外展力矩峰值更高。结论提示，高效的假切变向依赖速度导向的力学策略，这可能与ACL损伤风险增加存在冲突。
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: Change-of-direction maneuvers can be executed with deceptive intent ('fake-cuts'), yet the biomechanical determinants of fake-cut performance and their trade-offs with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk remain poorly understood. Therefore, we compared cutting biomechanics between skilled and less skilled fake-cut performers during sport-specific fake-cut maneuvers. METHODS: Ninety-six handball players performed fake-cuts while 3D kinematics and kinetics were recorded. Fake-cut performance was classified by each player's primary coach, and performance groups were compared using factorial ANOVA. RESULTS: Skilled fake-cut performers displayed shorter ground contact times, higher movement speeds throughout stance, a shallower cutting angle and greater cutting width compared with less skilled performers. They also showed greater and faster head movements against the intended cutting direction, suggesting upper-body-driven deception. No clear group differences were observed in ACL injury risk-related knee biomechanics within the first 100 ms after initial contact. However, skilled performers showed greater peak knee abduction moment across the stance phase. Also, several biomechanical characteristics associated with superior fake-cut performance have previously been linked to greater ACL injury-related knee loading. CONCLUSION: Overall, effective fake-cut performance appears to rely on speed-oriented cutting mechanics and upper-body-driven deception. At the same time, the present findings may indicate a performance-injury conflict during fake-cut maneuvers. Cutting technique strategies that reduce ACL injury risk without impairing fake-cut performance warrant further investigation.