前交叉韧带术前焦虑与信息需求：基于聚类分析的流行病学研究
简介
该研究对319例拟行前交叉韧带重建（ACLR）的患者进行横断面调查，发现16.3%存在临床意义的术前焦虑（女性更常见），且信息需求普遍较低。聚类分析识别出三种患者特征：高焦虑女性、低焦虑低信息需求者、以及中等焦虑但高信息需求者（后者从术前医生沟通中获益最大）。提示系统性术前焦虑评估有助于优化ACLR患者的沟通与管理。
英文摘要
INTRODUCTION Preoperative anxiety can negatively influence postoperative recovery in orthopedic surgery and may be modulated by patients' need for information. Despite the recognized role of psychosocial factors in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), preoperative anxiety has been insufficiently described in this population. This study aimed to assess preoperative anxiety and information needs in ACLR patients, and to identify patient profiles using an unsupervised clustering approach. METHODS A single center cross sectional study was conducted in adults scheduled for outpatient ACLR between February 2022 and March 2023. Patients completed the French version of the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) after the anesthesia consultation. Descriptive analyses and between group comparisons were performed. An exploratory k prototypes clustering analysis was used to identify patient profiles based on demographic variables, APAIS scores, and satisfaction with preoperative information. RESULTS Of the 381 eligible patients, 319 completed the APAIS (46.7% women; mean age 31.2 ± 10.9 years). Clinically relevant preoperative anxiety (score >11) was present in 16.3% of participants and was significantly more frequent in women. Information needs were low in 50.8%, moderate in 35.4%, and high in 13.8%. Clustering analysis revealed three profiles: (1) predominantly female, anxious patients with high anxiety scores; (2) patients with low anxiety and minimal information needs; and (3) patients with moderate anxiety but high information needs, who reported the greatest benefit from the surgeon's preoperative consultation. CONCLUSION Preoperative anxiety and information needs were low and sex-related in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. Distinct patient profiles highlighted the value of preoperative anxiety assessment. Systematic preoperative anxiety assessment could allow to enhance preoperative communication and optimize care management in ACLR patients. KEYWORDS : ACL Reconstruction, Preoperative anxiety, Need for information, Clustering analysis.