职业男性西甲足球运动员前交叉韧带断裂后重返赛场的比赛跑动表现
简介
本研究纳入51名西甲职业足球运动员，回顾性分析前交叉韧带（ACL）完全断裂后重返赛场三个赛季内的比赛跑动表现。结果显示，至术后第三赛季，68.5%的球员仍效力于欧洲五大联赛，但最大奔跑速度在重返后第一、二赛季显著下降，且年龄>25岁的球员在第二、三赛季仍存在速度损失。提示ACL损伤对职业球员的竞技水平和冲刺能力有长期影响，高龄球员更易出现持续性运动表现下降。
英文摘要
This study aimed to investigate the impact of an anterior cruciate ligament rupture on the level of competition and match running performance over the following three seasons after return-to-play in professional male football players. Fifty-one football players from LaLiga who sustained a complete anterior cruciate ligament rupture were retrospectively followed over the three seasons after their return-to-play. Their level of competition and match running performance metrics were obtained via Mediacoach® and subsequently compared across different time points: (1) PRE (season before injury); (2) INJ (season of the anterior cruciate ligament rupture); and (3) POST1, (4) POST2, and (5) POST3 (first, second, and third seasons after returning-to-play). Outcomes were analysed overall, by field position and by age group (≤ 25 and > 25 years). By the POST3 season following the anterior cruciate ligament injury, 35 of the 51 players (68.5%) were still competing in one of the top five UEFA leagues (34 in LaLiga and 1 in another top-five league), 11 (21.6%) were playing in lower-tier leagues, and 5 (9.8%) had retired. Maximum running speed decreased at POST1 and POST2 (p < 0.050) compared with PRE. Only players > 25 years experienced a significant decrease in their maximum running speed during POST2 and POST3 (p < 0.050) in comparison with PRE-values. A complete anterior cruciate ligament rupture in football from LaLiga players led to a decline in the level of competition and reductions in their maximum running speed up to three seasons after return-to-play. Players > 25 years were more vulnerable to sustain performance losses.