血流限制训练干预对髌股关节疼痛综合征的影响：系统评价与Meta分析
简介
该研究通过系统评价与荟萃分析纳入11项随机对照试验（共508例患者），比较血流限制训练（BFRT）与常规康复训练对髌股疼痛综合征（PFPS）的疗效。结果显示，BFRT在功能性动作（如单腿下蹲）中可即刻减轻疼痛，并持续至运动后45分钟；长期随访中BFRT在整体疼痛和伸膝肌力方面有轻度优势，但患者自报膝关节功能及股四头肌形态无显著差异。由于各研究方案异质性高且长…
英文摘要
PURPOSE: Previous studies suggest that blood flow restriction training (BFRT) may improve pain and knee function in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS); however, its additional clinical benefit compared with general rehabilitation exercise (GRE) remains uncertain. This study aimed to compare the effects of BFRT and GRE in PFPS rehabilitation through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, PEDro, Scopus, and ScienceDirect were searched up to February 14, 2026 (CRD420261296172). Interventional studies comparing BFRT with GRE in exercise-based rehabilitation for PFPS were included. Outcomes included pain intensity, self-reported knee function, knee extensor strength, and quadriceps morphology. RESULTS: Thirteen studies were included qualitatively, and 11 randomized controlled trials involving 508 participants were included in the meta-analysis. BFRT produced immediate reductions in pain during functional tasks, including shallow single-leg squat (MD = 2.13; P < 0.00001), deep single-leg squat (MD = 2.38; P < 0.00001), and step-down tasks (MD = 2.05; P < 0.00001). This short-term analgesic effect remained significant 45 minutes after exercise. Over longer-term follow-up, BFRT showed a modest benefit for overall pain (SMD = 0.37; P = 0.0005) and knee extensor strength (SMD = 0.28; P = 0.01) compared with GRE. However, self-reported knee function did not differ significantly between groups (MD = 1.93; P = 0.12). Evidence for quadriceps morphology was limited, and no clear between-group difference was observed (SMD = 0.30; P = 0.24). CONCLUSION: In PFPS rehabilitation, BFRT may provide clinically relevant benefits for short-term pain reduction during functional tasks and modest improvements in knee extensor strength. However, current evidence does not show a clear advantage for self-reported knee function or quadriceps morphological outcomes. These findings should be interpreted cautiously because of protocol heterogeneity and limited long-term evidence.Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261296172, identifier CRD420261296172.