前交叉韧带重建术后神经肌肉电刺激
简介
这项随机对照试验纳入24名男性ACL重建患者，比较了单独康复训练与联合神经肌肉电刺激（NMES）的效果。结果显示，联合NMES组在等速肌力、Lysholm评分、IKDC评分、平衡能力及股四头肌横截面积和厚度方面的改善幅度均显著优于单纯康复组。该研究提示，在ACL重建术后早期康复中加入NMES，有助于更全面地恢复股四头肌功能与肌肉形态。
英文摘要
This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of adding neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to rehabilitation exercise on quadriceps muscle strength (primary outcome) and secondary exploratory outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Twenty-four male participants were randomly allocated to rehabilitation exercise alone or combined with NMES. Both groups performed range of motion exercises during weeks 1 to 3, followed by progressive quadriceps strengthening three times weekly for 9 weeks. Both groups improved in isokinetic muscle function, with larger effect sizes in the RE+NMES group (d = 0.883-1.488) than in the RE group. Patient-reported outcomes improved in both groups for the Lysholm score (d = 1.527 vs. 0.653), whereas changes in the IKDC score were greater in RE+NMES (d = 1.006 vs. 0.034). Balance improved with larger effects in RE+NMES under stable (d = 0.710 vs. 0.160) and unstable conditions (d = 1.988 vs. 0.029), while Y-balance showed similar changes. Muscle morphology showed greater increases in RE+NMES for cross-sectional area (d = 1.127 vs. 0.070) and thickness (d = 0.737 vs. 0.203). Biomarker responses were also larger in RE+NMES. Overall, NMES was associated with favorable trends across several functional and clinical outcomes.