视觉干扰对前交叉韧带重建术后运动员下肢运动学与动力学特征的影响
简介
本研究纳入20例前交叉韧带重建（ACLR）术后运动员和20例健康运动员，分别在睁眼和视觉干扰（使用频闪眼镜）条件下完成90°变向动作，通过红外运动捕捉和三维测力台采集下肢运动学与动力学数据。结果显示：与睁眼相比，视觉干扰下ACLR运动员的膝关节外翻峰值角度（P=0.025）和踝关节内翻峰值角度（P=0.005）显著增大，髋关节伸展力矩增加（P=0.037），…
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: Proprioceptive deficits following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury increase reliance on visual input in athletes after ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Visual disruption may therefore alter movement patterns and increase re-injury risk. However, its influence on lower limb biomechanics during cutting maneuvers in ACLR athletes remains unclear. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of visual disruption on the kinematic and kinetic characteristics of the lower limb during the 90° cutting maneuver in athletes after ACLR. METHODS: Twenty athletes after ACLR and twenty healthy athletes were recruited to randomly undergo two different visual conditions, eyes-open and visual disruption, and to complete the 90° cutting maneuver in each of the two visual conditions. Visual disruption was performed with strobe glasses. A nine-camera infrared motion capture system (Vicon T40, 200 Hz) was used to collect lower-limb kinematics data during the 90° cutting task, while a three-dimensional force platform (Kistler, 1,000 Hz) recorded kinetic data. Data were processed using Visual 3D software, and statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS (version 25.0). A two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine the effects of group and visual conditions on kinematic and kinetic variables. RESULTS: (1) Compared with the eyes-open condition, the peak knee valgus angle (P = 0.025, ES = 0.157) and peak ankle inversion angle (P = 0.005, ES = 0.233) of athletes after ACLR were significantly increased under visual disruption conditions. There was no significant difference between the kinematic variables of the healthy athletes in the two visual conditions (P > 0.05). (2) Compared with the eyes-open condition, the hip extension moment of athletes after ACLR was significantly increased (P = 0.037) and the knee extension moment was significantly reduced (P = 0.039) under visual disruption conditions. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the kinetic variables of the healthy athletes between the two visual conditions. CONCLUSION: Visual disruption increased knee valgus and ankle inversion angles in athletes after ACLR, which may increase the risk of secondary anterior cruciate ligament injuries and lateral ankle sprains. These results suggest that ACLR athletes have a poorer ability to recalibrate sensory information to visual disruption compared to healthy athletes.