足球运动员前交叉韧带损伤中不同的半月板撕裂和骨挫伤模式：非接触与接触机制的对比研究
简介
本研究回顾性分析了2013-2023年间接受初次ACL重建的246名足球运动员，比较了非接触性与接触性损伤机制下的半月板撕裂特征及骨挫伤分布模式。结果显示，非接触性损伤（84%）更为常见，其更易伴发外侧半月板后角撕裂（86% vs. 57%）和外侧后根部撕裂（15% vs. 0%），并呈现典型的胫股外侧骨挫伤模式。接触性损伤则更易出现外侧半月板体部放射状撕裂…
英文摘要
PURPOSE: To compare meniscal tear characteristics and bone bruise distribution patterns between noncontact and contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in soccer players. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study reviewed all soccer players who underwent primary ACL reconstruction between 2013 and 2023. Patients were categorized as having noncontact or contact injuries based on detailed clinical documentation. Meniscal tear morphology and distribution were assessed arthroscopically. Bone bruises were evaluated on magnetic resonance imaging across the lateral and medial femoral condyles and tibial plateaus, subdivided into anterior, central, and posterior regions. Group comparisons were performed using chi-square and t-tests, with significance set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Among the 246 athletes (98 males and 148 females; mean age 19 ± 6 years), 207 (84%) sustained noncontact and 39 (16%) contact injuries. Lateral meniscus posterior-horn tears were more frequent in noncontact injuries (86% vs. 57%, P = 0.01), whereas lateral radial mid-body tears occurred more often in contact injuries (36% vs. 5%, P < 0.01). Lateral posterior-root tears were observed solely in the noncontact group (15% vs. 0%, P = 0.01). Contact injuries showed a broader bruise distribution in the lateral femoral condyle and higher incidence of large, diffuse bruises than noncontact injuries (18% vs. 4%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: In soccer players with ACL injuries, noncontact mechanisms were predominant and more frequently associated with lateral posterior root tears and a characteristic tibiofemoral lateral bruise pattern. Contact mechanisms were more frequently associated with lateral radial mid-body tears and large lateral femoral condyle bruises. These findings provide insights into preoperative planning based on ACL injury mechanism.