拉伸-缩短周期力-时间和功率-时间波形分析表明ACL损伤运动员对侧肢体基准的局限性
简介
本研究纳入20名ACLR后重返运动的加拿大大学运动员与187名健康对照，采用测力台进行单腿反向跳跃（CMJsingle）测试，通过统计参数映射（SPM）分析力-时间与功率-时间曲线。关键发现：（1）ACLR组患侧肢体在CMJsingle推进期8%的阶段内力和功率低于对侧肢体（p<0.001）；（2）与健康高功能对照组（Control+基准）相比，患侧肢体在推…
英文摘要
PURPOSE: Unilateral countermovement jump (CMJsingle) testing is commonly used after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) to assess stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) function and return-to-sport readiness. However, the impact of ACLR on contralateral limb SSC function is poorly understood, which may impact the utility of the contralateral limb benchmark. Therefore, statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was employed to: (1) evaluate interlimb CMJsingle force-time and power-time deficits in athletes with ACLR; and (2) compare both limbs of athletes with ACLR to an enhanced CMJsingle benchmark from healthy control athletes. METHODS: Canadian university athletes who returned to sport post-ACLR (n = 20) and healthy control athletes (n = 187) performed maximal CMJsingle testing on a force plate. The Sport Fitness Index (SFI) assessed perceived limb function, and healthy controls were divided into upper (GOODSFI) and lower (POORSFI) tertiles. Top-ranked jumpers with GOODSFI were sex- and sport-matched to ACLR athletes to obtain an enhanced CMJsingle benchmark (Control+ benchmark). Interlimb and between-group CMJsingle curves were compared using SPM. RESULTS: No interlimb differences were found in healthy athletes in the GOODSFI group. Healthy athletes in the POORSFI group demonstrated interlimb force and power deficits over 12% (p < 0.001) and 4% (p = 0.006) of the CMJsingle propulsion phase, respectively. Compared to the contralateral limb, the affected limb of the ACLR group showed reduced force and power over 8% (p < 0.001) of the CMJsingle propulsion phase. Conversely, the affected limb generated less force over 14% (p < 0.001) and less power over 22% (p < 0.001) of propulsion compared to the Control+ benchmark. CONCLUSION: The Control+ benchmark revealed larger SSC impairments in the affected limb compared to the contralateral limb benchmark during CMJsingle testing in athletes who had returned to sport post-ACLR. Further, healthy athletes with poor perceived limb function demonstrated interlimb SSC impairments similar to the ACLR group, highlighting value in combining biomechanical testing with psychosocial measures in university athletes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, case-control study.