神经肌肉训练与纯力量训练对运动员预防ACL再损伤的效益评估
简介
本研究通过文献综述比较了神经肌肉训练（NMT）与纯力量训练对运动员前交叉韧带（ACL）重建术后重返运动时再损伤预防的效果。关键发现：NMT组再损伤率显著低于纯力量训练组（Arundale等报道为2.5% vs. Paterno等报道为29.5%），且NMT可改善生物力学指标（如减少膝关节外展运动、提高跳跃测试对称性）。研究还指出再损伤风险预测因素包括年龄较小…
英文摘要
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are one of the most prevalent injuries occurring in athletes. These injuries are highly prevalent in cutting sports such as basketball, football, and soccer. Additionally, there is a significant risk of re-injury for athletes who return to their sports without proper rehabilitation. Neuromuscular training, or NMT, is a more comprehensive form of rehabilitation focused on aspects such as plyometrics, agility training, and balance. The goal of this study is to compare the efficacy of NMT- focused rehabilitation to strength-only rehabilitation. This study was executed as a narrative review gathering various published research articles from Google Scholar and PubMed. The studies showed that NMT is strongly linked to lower re-injury rates compared to conventional rehabilitation programs. Arundale et al. (2018) reports a re-injury rate of 2.5% following an NMT-focused prevention program, while Paterno et al. (2014) reports a 29.5% re-injury rate following a strength-focused program. Additionally, specific improvements in biomechanical outcomes were noted, such as reduced knee abduction movement and improved hop test symmetry. The studies also highlighted predictors of risk of re-injury, such as younger age, female sex, and time-based return to sport as opposed to criteria-based return to sport. Overall, the conclusion is that NMT should be incorporated alongside a strength training program to produce the most optimal outcomes in athletes returning to their sport following an ACL injury.