女性运动员前交叉韧带损伤
简介
女性运动员前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤风险显著高于男性，其原因为多因素交互作用，包括外在因素、解剖、遗传、激素及神经肌肉因素。术前需结合患者解剖、生物力学特点及运动目标，审慎选择移植物类型及辅助手术。女性运动员术后重返运动率显著低于男性，主要因害怕再损伤或对膝关节不信任。为提高疗效，应采取多学科协作，干预可调控风险因素，并提供全面支持。
英文摘要
Female athletes are at a significantly greater risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury when compared to males. The cause of this is multifactorial, due to interactions of extrinsic, anatomic, genetic, hormonal, and neuromuscular factors. Careful preoperative consideration of the patient's anatomy, biomechanics, and goals is crucial when discussing graft type and adjunct procedures. Female athletes are also significantly less likely to return to sport than males, often due to fear of re-injury and/or distrust of their knee. To optimize success in female athletes, it is important to take a multidisciplinary approach, address modifiable risk factors, and provide holistic support.