ACL重建后单板滑雪与高山滑雪运动员重返运动的关键决定因素
简介
本研究纳入34例滑雪/单板滑雪运动员（2019-2024年），分析前交叉韧带重建术后重返运动的影响因素。结果显示，仅47.1%的患者重返伤前运动水平。重返运动组年龄更小（27.6±6.4岁 vs 34.6±6.0岁），重返工作时间更短（中位3.0个月 vs 4.0个月）。多因素回归分析发现，年龄（OR=0.74）和劳动力损失（OR=0.02）是独立预测因素，…
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common in winter sports. While ACL reconstruction (ACLR) restores stability, return to sport (RTS) is influenced by factors beyond surgery, including age, work-related loss, and psychological readiness. METHODS: This retrospective single-center cohort study included 34 skiers/snowboarders undergoing primary ACLR (2019-2024). Demographic, occupational, and psychosocial data were compared between those who returned to pre-injury sport and those who did not. Multivariable logistic regression identified independent RTS predictors. RESULTS: Mean age was 31.3 ± 7.1 years; 47.1% returned to sport. Younger age (27.6 ± 6.4 vs. 34.6 ± 6.0 years, P = 0.003) and shorter return-to-work time (median 3.0 vs. 4.0 months, P < 0.001) were associated with RTS. Multivariable analysis showed age (odds ratio (OR) = 0.74, P = 0.040) and workforce loss (OR = 0.02, P = 0.005) were independent predictors, with workforce loss being the strongest. Kinesiophobia was not significant (P = 0.745). CONCLUSION: RTS after ACLR in winter athletes is multifactorial. Workforce loss and older age are major barriers, highlighting the need for early socioeconomic and occupational assessment in rehabilitation. A multidisciplinary approach addressing psychological and work-related constraints may optimize RTS.