影响前交叉韧带重建术后达到重返运动基准时间的因素
简介
该研究纳入54例ACL重建术后5-15个月患者，评估年龄、性别、移植物类型、心理准备度及物理治疗时长对达到重返运动（RTS）标准时间的影响。RTS标准包括股四头肌力量、4项单腿跳跃测试及IKDC、GRS、ACL-RSI评分，要求每项测试≥90%（ACL-RSI除外）。关键发现：平均RTS时间为10.3±2.6个月；性别（β=0.408）和移植物类型（β=0.…
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: Timing of return to sport (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a multifaceted decision for athletes. The purpose of this study was to identify patient-related predictors (age, sex, graft type, psychological readiness, and the duration of physical therapy (PT) of time to pass RTS criteria. METHODS: Fifty-four participants within 5-15 months of ACLR completed testing as part of RTS planning, including quadriceps strength (isometric and 1-repetition maximum using a knee extension machine), 4 single leg hop tests (single, crossover, triple, and 6-meter timed), and patient-reported knee function (International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form 2000 [IKDC], Global Rating Scale [GRS] and the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Return-to-Sport after Injury scale [ACL-RSI]). Passing RTS testing required ≥90% on each test (except ACL-RSI). Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the association between patient factors and time to pass RTS testing. An alpha level of p < 0.05 was set a priori. RESULTS: Mean time to pass RTS testing was 10.3 ± 2.6 months. Regression analysis showed that sex (β = 0.408; p < 0.001) and graft type (β = 0.365; p = 0.002) were significant predictors, explaining 47.5% of the variance in RTS timing. Males passed an average of 2.6 months earlier than females (9.0 ± 1.8 vs. 11.6 ± 2.6 months). Hamstring, allograft, or IT band autograft recipients passed earlier (7-9 months) than quadriceps or patellar tendon autografts (11-12 months). CONCLUSION: Female participants and those with a patellar or quadriceps tendon graft took longer to meet objective RTS criteria after ACLR.